Alzheimer's Disease

Alzheimer’s disease (also, AD) is referred to as a neurodegenerative disease, which means it causes loss of cells in the brain or spinal cord.  The disease can be recognized by its deterioration of cognitive (intellectual) functions, along with behavioural changes and dementia.

Alzheimer's Disease

The earliest, and most recognizable, symptom of Alzheimer’s disease is memory loss.  It typically begins with minor forgetfulness that becomes increasingly pronounced as time passes and the illness progresses.  Soon following is loss of language, skilled movements, recognition and decision making. 

Alzheimer’s disease was first diagnosed in 1901 by Dr. Alois Alzheimer, who interviewed a patient unable to recall several objects only moments after seeing them.  Though termed “amnesic writing disorder,” this would be the first recorded case of Alzheimer’s disease.  Unfortunately, even today, the true cause of the disorder is unknown; however, genetic factors are considered. 

No diagnosis of Alzheimer’s disease is 100% conclusive pre-mortem (before autopsy), but current methods can be exceptionally reliable.  It involves several intellectual tests over a series of weeks or months, all while ruling out possible other diseases.

Unfortunately, there is no cure for Alzheimer’s disease, and medications only offer some symptomatic relief – they do not help fight the progression of the disorder.  There is currently a substantial amount of research being done in stem cell treatment and Gene therapy. 

In the United States, Alzheimer’s disease is the 7th leading cause of death (2004), and at over $100 billion a year, it is also the third most expensively treated disease.  Unfortunately, Alzheimer’s disease is an significant public health challenge, since the median age of the developed world is rising.  When baby boomers reach the critical age, Alzheimer’s disease will become a serious issue facing the economy.

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